Cardamom

Cardamom, or "elaichi," is one of the prized spices. It has a rich flavour and many health benefits. Green, white, and black cardamom have different medicinal effects. Cardamom helps with digestion, nausea, and breathing. It also boosts heart health. It also acts as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. For men, elaichi boosts libido and reproductive health. For women, it helps with menstrual cramps and hormonal balance. Cardamom powder is widely used in cooking, while cardamom seeds are often chewed for fresh breath. Cardamom's nutrition and medicinal value make it a powerful food. It benefits both males and females.

Cardamom, or "Elaichi" in Hindi, has many names by region and type.

• In Sanskrit, it is "Ela." Green cardamom is "Choti Elaichi" or "Sukshma Ela" for its smaller pods and delicate flavour. Black cardamom has a stronger taste and larger pods. It's called "Moti Elaichi" or Bhrat Ela.
• In English, cardamom is often called "cardamom seeds" or "cardamom powder." Both are used in cooking and Ayurvedic medicine.

The following table provides an overview of the nutritional value of cardamom:
 

The medicinal value of cardamom is well-known in traditional and modern remedies. Cardamom is valued for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, which support digestion, respiratory health, and cardiovascular wellness. Green cardamom can ease indigestion, reduce bloating, and fight bad breath. Black cardamom helps with respiratory issues and boosts the immune system. White cardamom is known to aid digestion because of its ability to produce digestive enzymes. Elaichi powder is used in Ayurveda for its detoxifying effects. Cardamom boosts men's libido and reproductive health. It helps women by balancing hormones and easing menstrual pain.
Cardamom is good for heart health. It may lower blood pressure and cholesterol. Cardamom powder is also used to soothe coughs and colds. But too much can cause side effects, like allergies and stomach issues. It's recommended to consume 1-2 grams of cardamom a day to enjoy its health benefits without adverse effects.

Cardamom is a spice from the seeds of Zingiberaceae plants. There are four main types of cardamom. Each has unique flavours and health benefits. They also have medicinal value. Let's explore its varieties:

Green Cardamom

Green cardamom, also called true cardamom, has a bright, piney flavor with lemon and mint undertones. It's widely used in Indian, Nordic, and Middle Eastern cuisine. Uses of cardamom include adding it to curries, rice dishes, desserts, and chai. Its versatility and rich flavour make it a global spice staple.

Black Cardamom

Black cardamom, or Moti Elaichi, has larger pods than green cardamom. It has a strong, smoky flavour. Unlike green cardamom, which flavours both sweet and savoury dishes, black cardamom is used mainly in savoury dishes. It is popular in meat stews and spice blends, like garam masala. Black cardamom aids digestion and respiratory health.

White Cardamom

White cardamom, or green or true cardamom is known for its manifold medicinal benefits and culinary usages. Besides its health benefits, it can add flavour to all delectable dishes. The microbial properties help maintain oral hygiene and alleviate respiratory issues, including cough and congestion.  

Cardamom, a spice from Elettaria and Amomum seeds, is prized for its health benefits. Many studies support them. Here are some key cardamom benefits for females and males both:

1. Antioxidant Properties:

   Cardamom is high in antioxidants. They neutralise free radicals, reducing oxidative stress. This protects cells from damage. This contributes to lowering the risk of chronic diseases.

2. Anti-inflammatory Effects:

   Cardamom contains compounds like flavonoids and terpenoids. They have strong anti-inflammatory properties. They can reduce inflammation and pain, and this will help in relieving arthritis.

3. Digestive Health:

   Cardamom seeds and elaichi powder can treat nausea, indigestion, and bloating. They boost digestive enzymes and health.

4. Metabolic Health:

   Cardamom powder may help manage high blood sugar and cholesterol. It may also aid weight management and reduce metabolic syndrome risk.

5. Heart Health:

   Cardamom has health benefits for the heart. It lowers blood pressure and reduces oxidative stress. This improves heart function.

6. Antimicrobial Properties:

   Cardamom can fight bacteria and fungi. So, it helps oral health and prevents infections.

7. Cancer Prevention:

   Research suggests that phytochemicals in cardamom may contribute to cancer prevention and help reduce chemotherapy resistance.

8. Respiratory Health:

   Moti elaichi, or black cardamom, helps treat asthma and bronchitis. It clears mucus and improves breathing.

The following pointers highlight the common uses of cardamom: 

1. Culinary Uses

Cardamom is widely used in both sweet and savoury dishes. Green cardamom is often added to curries, rice dishes, and kheer. It’s also used in drinks like chai and coffee, especially in Middle Eastern and Indian cuisines. Cardamom powder is a popular baking ingredient. It adds a warm, spicy flavour to cakes, cookies, and bread.

2. Medicinal Uses

Cardamom has great medicinal value. It helps with digestive issues like indigestion and bloating. It also helps with increased lung airflow and is known to reduce cholesterol. Elaichi benefits males by improving libido and reproductive health. For females, it helps with menstrual discomfort.

3. Aromatic Uses & Health Supplements

Due to its pleasant aroma, cardamom is often used in perfumes, essential oils, and natural mouth fresheners, promoting oral and respiratory health. Cardamom comes in many forms, like elaichi powder, capsules, and oils. 

Cardamom is mostly safe and healthy. But there are some risks. This is especially true for large doses of supplements. Be aware of how cardamom interacts with your body and any medications you take. Here are some key points to keep in mind:

1. Allergic Reactions

Allergic reactions to cardamom are rare, but they can occur. Common symptoms are skin rashes, itching, and swelling of the face or throat. They include difficulty breathing. If you notice any of these signs, discontinue use immediately and seek medical attention. Those with food allergies should be cautious. They should consult a doctor before adding cardamom to their diet.

2. Gastrointestinal Issues

Eating a lot of cardamom seeds or powder may cause nausea, vomiting, or diarrhoea. To avoid side effects, start with small amounts of cardamom. Gradually increase the intake to allow the body to adjust. Moderation is key, as excessive consumption can also lead to bloating and cramping.

3. Interaction with Medications

Cardamom may interact with some medicines. This is especially true for blood pressure and blood-thinning medications. If you take medications for hypertension or heart issues, consult a provider before using high doses or supplements of cardamom. The heart health benefits of elaichi for both sexes must be weighed against any medical treatments.

4. Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Small amounts of cardamom in cooking are safe in pregnancy and breastfeeding. However, there is limited research on the effects of high doses. Pregnant women should avoid cardamom supplements and large amounts unless a doctor advises otherwise. They may pose risks to both mother and baby. It is best to seek medical advice before using elaichi powder or capsules during these periods.

5. Diuretic Effect

Cardamom has diuretic properties. It can increase urination. It can reduce water retention. But it may cause dehydration if not balanced with enough water. Stay hydrated if you take large amounts of cardamom powder or supplements. Drink enough fluids throughout the day.

6. Potential for Dehydration

Moti elaichi (black cardamom) and green cardamom have a diuretic effect. So, they may cause dehydration if eaten in excess. Always pair cardamom with enough water, especially for medicinal use. Prolonged use without hydration could lead to dizziness or fatigue.

7. Risk of Gallstone Aggravation

Those with gallstones should be cautious with cardamom. It may worsen their condition. Cardamom can boost bile production. This may cause discomfort in those with gallstones. If you have gallbladder issues, consult a doctor before using cardamom seeds often.

Cardamom is a versatile spice. It's used in Ayurveda, cooking, and daily rituals. Here are the traditional ways to use cardamom:

1. Herbal Tea:

A common use for cardamom seeds or elaichi powder is to add them to herbal teas. Cardamom tea aids digestion, soothes the throat, and relieves nausea. Here’s how to make it:

• Bring water to boil and add 1-2 crushed green cardamom pods.
• Let it steep for 5-7 minutes.
• Add honey or ginger for enhanced flavour and health benefits.
• Drink it once or twice daily after meals to promote digestion.

2. Digestive Formula:

Ayurveda highly regards cardamom for its digestive properties. It can be mixed with other herbs like fennel and cumin for digestive support:

• Take 1 teaspoon each of cardamom powder, fennel, and cumin seeds.
• Boil it in water for 10 minutes.
• Strain and drink after heavy meals to reduce bloating and indigestion.

3. Culinary Recipes:

Cardamom is used in a variety of sweet and savoury dishes. It enhances the flavour of curries, rice dishes, and desserts like kheer. Elaichi powder is often added to Indian sweets like ladoos and halwa. In savoury dishes:

• Use 2-3 green cardamom pods when cooking rice or curries.
• Add moti elaichi (black cardamom) to stews and meat dishes for a smoky flavour.
• Ground cardamom powder is excellent for baking, used in cakes, cookies, and bread.

4. Daily Rituals:

People often chew cardamom to freshen their breath and for oral health. You can chew 2-3 cardamom seeds after meals to freshen breath and support digestion. Its aromatic oils help with respiratory issues. So, it's a popular choice for homemade vapour rubs.

Caution:

To enjoy cardamom's benefits, limit daily intake to 1-2 grams of powder or a few pods to avoid potential side effects, such as allergies or gastrointestinal discomfort. Pregnant women and those on medications should consult a doctor before use. Cardamom benefits both males and females. It can improve heart health, digestion, and breathing. But, it should be used in moderation.

Following highlighted pointers describe the recommended dosage of cardamom 

1. For General Health:

• Consume 1-2 grams of cardamom powder or 2-4 green cardamom pods per day.
• This dose will improve digestion and breathing. It will also provide antioxidants.

2. For Specific Uses (e.g., Digestive or Respiratory Issues):

• Add cardamom seeds or elaichi powder to teas or meals.
• Start with small doses. Increase them slowly if needed for therapy.

3. In Supplement Form:

• Follow the label's dosage instructions or consult a healthcare professional.
• Do not exceed the prescribed dosage to avoid side effects.

5. Ayurvedic Practices:

• Take black or green cardamom with honey or milk for more benefits.
• Limit intake to avoid gastrointestinal discomfort.

6. Consult Healthcare Provider:

• If you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or on medication, consult a doctor before using cardamom regularly.

By following these steps, you can safely use cardamom for its health benefits.

Cardamom can lower blood pressure. It may boost antihypertensive medication effects. This can lead to an excessive drop in blood pressure, causing symptoms like dizziness, fainting, or fatigue. If you take blood pressure medicines, consult your doctor before consuming large amounts of cardamom powder or seeds. It may cause side effects.

Interaction with Blood Thinners

Elaichi powder can increase bleeding risk. It has mild anticoagulant properties. So, it may be unsafe with blood thinners like warfarin. It can cause excessive bleeding and bruising. Monitor your dosage if you use cardamom as a supplement and are on blood thinners. Seek medical advice to prevent complications.

Interaction with Diuretic Medications

Moti elaichi (black cardamom) and green cardamom can boost diuretics. This may cause dehydration or electrolyte imbalances. If you take diuretics for medical conditions, limit your cardamom. It can cause dehydration.

General Precaution

If you're using black or green cardamom for health, know the daily dose and its medicinal value. Always consult a doctor before combining cardamom with prescription medications. This avoids unwanted side effects or interactions.

• Cardamom may lower blood pressure. It could interfere with antihypertensive medications.
• Elaichi benefits both males and females. It can help heart health. But be cautious when using it with blood thinners.
• It may increase the effects of similar diuretic medications. Always consult a doctor to avoid cardamom side effects when used with medications.