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- Health Guide
Types of Cough
Coughing is a natural reflex that helps clear the airways of irritants, mucus, or other foreign substances. There are various types of coughs, each with distinct characteristics:
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Dry cough: This type of cough is non-productive and does not bring up mucus or phlegm. It is often caused by irritation to the throat and can also be associated with colds and cough, the flu, allergies, acid reflux, and certain medications. A dry cough may disrupt sleep and lead to headaches or a sore throat.
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Wet/Productive cough: A wet cough involves the production of mucus or phlegm. It is often caused by infections such as the common cold, flu, pneumonia, bronchitis, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
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Croup cough: This type of cough typically occurs in children and is caused by a viral infection, leading to swelling and irritation of the airway. It results in a distinctive "barking" cough and raspy breathing sounds.
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Paroxysmal cough: This type involves uncontrollable, violent, and often painful coughing fits, which can be caused by conditions such as whooping cough, asthma, COPD, pneumonia, and tuberculosis.
Understanding the various types of coughs and their associated symptoms can help in identifying the underlying cause and determining the most appropriate treatment, such as cold and cough tablets or other cold and cough medicines.
Symptoms of Common Cold and Cough
The common cold and cough often go hand in hand, with several overlapping symptoms. Here are the key symptoms associated with these conditions:
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Upper respiratory tract symptoms: A runny nose, nasal congestion, and postnasal drip are common symptoms associated with a cold and cough. Inflammation or redness in the throat can also occur.
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Respiratory symptoms: Coughing, whether dry or productive, is a primary symptom of a cold and cough. A feeling of congestion in the chest can accompany a wet cough.
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General symptoms: Fatigue and headaches are common with a cold and cough. Fever, sore throat, and muscle aches can also be present.
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Sleep disturbances: Both dry and wet coughs can disrupt sleep, leading to exhaustion and other related symptoms.
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Persistent symptoms: If a cough lasts for more than three weeks, it is considered a chronic cough and may indicate an underlying condition that requires medical attention.
Recognising the symptoms of a common cold and cough can help in determining the most suitable course of action, whether it involves self-care measures or the use of cold and cough tablets and other cold and cough medicines.
Risk Factors for Common Cold and Cough
Several factors can increase your risk of contracting a cold and cough. These include:
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Seasonal changes, particularly during winter and monsoon, can make you more susceptible.
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Children under the age of 6 and older adults over 65 are at higher risk due to their immature or declining immune systems.
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Individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with chronic illnesses or undergoing chemotherapy, are also more vulnerable.
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Smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke can disrupt your immune function, making you more prone to colds and coughs.
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Crowded settings like offices, schools, and daycare centres can expose you to more viruses.
Fortunately, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk and avoid catching these illnesses.
How Can You Avoid Catching a Cold or Cough?
To prevent catching a cold and cough, practicing good hygiene is crucial.
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Wash your hands frequently with soap, or use an alcohol-based hand sanitiser if soap and water are not available.
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Avoid close contact with individuals who are displaying symptoms of a cold or cough.
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When coughing or sneezing, use the crook of your elbow to cover your mouth and nose.
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Regularly clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces, such as doorknobs, light switches, and countertops, to reduce the spread of viruses.
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Ensuring proper ventilation in your environment, especially in crowded settings, can reduce the concentration of airborne cold virus particles.
By following these preventive measures, you can significantly reduce your risk of catching a cold and cough.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Can you take cold and cough medicine on an empty stomach?
It is generally recommended to take cold and cough tablets or medicines with food or water to minimise stomach irritation.
Are colds and coughs the same thing?
No, colds and coughs are not the same, although a cough is a common symptom of a cold. A cold involves multiple symptoms, while a cough is a specific symptom.
Can you overdose on cough drops?
While overdosing on cough drops is rare, consuming excessive amounts can lead to an overdose of ingredients like menthol or eucalyptus oil, causing stomach upset or other minor side effects.
Can a cold turn into a cough?
A cough is often a symptom of a cold, but the cold itself does not "turn into" a cough. However, the cough may persist even after other cold symptoms have resolved.
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