Bhringraj Oil: Traditional Uses and Evidence-Based Support for Hair and Wellness

Derived from the herb Eclipta alba (often called False Daisy), Bhringraj oil holds a significant place in traditional Ayurvedic medicine, where it is often revered as ‘Keshraj’ (king of hair) [1]. This traditional herbal oil is commonly sought after for its perceived benefits in promoting hair growth, maintaining natural hair colour, and supporting overall scalp health.

While its primary use is for hair care, Bhringraj extracts have been traditionally explored for their potential benefits in other areas of wellness, including stress management and skin care [2]. The oil contains a variety of active plant compounds, including Wedelolactone, which is the focus of much of the preliminary research. In this article, we explore the primary hair benefits and the supporting evidence for its traditional applications in overall wellness.

Traditional and Potential Benefits of Bhringraj Oil

Bhringraj oil, created through a traditional process involving the infusion of the herb’s extract into a carrier oil (like coconut or sesame), contains active phytoconstituents such as Wedelolactone, Ecliptine, and various antioxidants [1]. The benefits listed below are largely derived from its long history of use in Ayurveda, with some areas now undergoing modern scientific investigation.

1. May Help Support Hair Growth and Density

Bhringraj is traditionally renowned as a hair tonic. The mechanical act of massaging the oil into the scalp helps to increase localised blood circulation, which aids in the delivery of nutrients to the hair roots. Preliminary animal studies have suggested that Eclipta alba extract may stimulate hair follicles and prolong the hair growth phase (anagen), supporting its traditional use for improving hair density [2].

2. Management of Dandruff and Dry Scalp

The oil acts as a natural emollient, which can help to hydrate and strengthen the scalp’s protective barrier, potentially helping manage dryness and flakiness [1]. Furthermore, traditional preparations of Bhringraj have exhibited some anti-fungal and anti-bacterial properties in laboratory settings, which may contribute to a healthier, more balanced scalp environment, potentially aiding in the reduction of dandruff-causing factors [2].

3. Traditionally Used to Delay Hair Greying

Bhringraj is a common ingredient in Ayurvedic formulations specifically for maintaining the natural pigment and luster of the hair [3]. Its content of antioxidants is believed to help protect the hair shafts from oxidative stress, which is a factor associated with premature greying.

4. May Soothe Scalp Irritation

Due to its anti-inflammatory potential, derived from phytoconstituents like luteolin and apigenin, Bhringraj extract is traditionally applied to soothe and calm an irritated scalp [1]. This creates a more optimal environment for healthy hair growth.

5. Nourishment and Conditioning for Hair

The carrier oil (e.g., coconut or sesame) used in the preparation of Bhringraj oil is rich in fatty acids and vitamins (like Vitamin E). When applied, these components help to deeply nourish and moisturise the hair shaft, which enhances texture, reduces breakage, and provides a healthier, more polished appearance [1]. This mechanical conditioning effect helps reduce the appearance of frizz and split ends.

Traditional and Systemic Benefits

The following uses are primarily based on traditional Ayurvedic practices and require more rigorous human clinical trials for conclusive evidence.

6. Support for Skin Health

In Ayurveda, Bhringraj extract is used topically to soothe minor skin irritations [2]. Its antimicrobial compounds may also help cleanse the skin, which traditionally made it a component in remedies for conditions associated with inflammation and minor infections.

7. May Promote Relaxation and Sleep

Massaging Bhringraj oil into the scalp is an ancient practice utilised to calm the nervous system and reduce perceived tension [3]. This soothing, relaxing experience is traditionally linked to improved sleep quality and a reduction in stress-related tension headaches.

8. Traditional Support for Cognitive Wellness

In classical Ayurvedic texts, Bhringraj is classified as a Medhya Rasayana (a substance that enhances intellect and memory). While some in vitro and animal studies suggest neuroprotective potential, the claim that regular topical use of Bhringraj oil significantly improves memory or brain function in humans remains scientifically unproven and is based primarily on traditional use [2].

9. Relief from Tension Headaches

Applying and massaging the oil onto the temples and scalp is traditionally done to relieve tension headaches, likely through its mechanical soothing and relaxation effects [3].

10. Supports Liver Health (Traditional Internal Use)

Bhringraj is traditionally used internally in Ayurvedic formulations to support liver function (Hepatoprotective action). It is important to note that the oil is typically used topically. Any internal use of Bhringraj should only be done with professional medical guidance [2].

How to Apply Bhringraj Oil at Home

To maximise the traditional benefits of Bhringraj oil:

• Warm the Oil: Slightly warm a small amount of the oil to enhance penetration.
• Apply and Massage: Apply it directly to your scalp. Use your fingertips to gently massage in circular motions for 10-15 minutes. This enhances blood circulation and supports relaxation.
• Duration: For deeper nourishment, leave the oil in for at least an hour, or ideally, overnight.
• Wash: Wash it out thoroughly with a mild, gentle shampoo.

Conclusion

Bhringraj oil remains a highly valued component of traditional wellness practices, primarily due to its significant and well-documented role in hair and scalp health. Its benefits, including supporting hair growth, helping manage dandruff, and conditioning the hair, make it a popular natural remedy. While its traditional applications extend to stress relief, relaxation, and cognitive support, it is crucial to understand that these systemic benefits are based primarily on centuries of Ayurvedic use and require further, robust clinical evidence to be fully validated by modern science. Incorporating Bhringraj oil into your routine offers a gentle, nourishing approach to self-care.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Can Bhringraj regrow hair?

Bhringraj may support hair regrowth by stimulating follicles and improving scalp health, as suggested by both traditional use and some preliminary research [2]. However, the effectiveness can vary significantly based on the underlying cause of hair loss, and it should not be viewed as a guaranteed treatment.

Can you use Bhringraj oil every day?

Yes, Bhringraj oil can generally be used daily, especially if you have a dry scalp or very dry hair. However, individuals with naturally oily hair may benefit from using it less frequently. Always perform a patch test first, and consult a professional if you have any existing scalp conditions.

Can we apply Bhringraj oil on the face?

Bhringraj oil is primarily formulated for the scalp and hair. While it has been traditionally used on the skin, it is advisable to perform a patch test on a small area first, as individual skin reactions (like acne or irritation) can vary based on skin type and the base carrier oil used.

What are the side effects of Bhringraj oil?

Bhringraj oil is generally considered safe for topical use. The most common “side effects” are typically related to the carrier oil, such as allergic reactions (rarely) or temporary acne if the oil is not washed out properly. If used in traditional internal preparations, side effects can occur, which is why internal use requires strict medical supervision.

References

[1] Jahan, R., Al-Nahain, A., Majumder, S., & Rahmatullah, M. (2014). Ethnopharmacological Significance of Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. (Asteraceae). International Scholarly Research Notices, 2014, 385969. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/385969

[2] Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. (2021, July). Eclipta alba (Bhringraj): A promising herb for pharmacological applications. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 14(7), 16–23. https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2021.v14i7.41569

[3] Shinde, R., & Gawande, P. (n.d.). Functional and pharmacological properties of Bhringaraja: A review. International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy. Retrieved October 27, 2024, from https://ijrap.net/admin/php/uploads/2662_pdf.pdf