Skin

Acne is a common skin condition that occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil and dead skin cells, leading to the formation of pimples, blackheads, and whiteheads. It affects people of all ages but is most prevalent during puberty. Acne can be classified into four grades based on severity and includes various types such as comedonal, inflammatory, and nodulocystic acne.

Dermatitis is a general term for skin inflammation caused by various factors, such as allergies, irritants, and genetic predispositions. It encompasses several types, including atopic dermatitis (eczema), contact dermatitis, and seborrhoeic dermatitis (dandruff). Dermatitis is characterised by symptoms like red rashes, dry skin, and itchiness, and can progress through acute, sub-acute, and chronic stages.

Melasma is a common skin condition characterised by dark, discoloured patches on the face and other sun-exposed areas. It is caused by excessive melanin production and can be triggered by hormonal changes, sun exposure, and genetic factors. While harmless, melasma can be distressing for those affected and may require various treatment approaches depending on the type and severity.

Warts are skin growths that develop due to strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV). There are several types, like plantar warts, common warts, and flat warts. They are benign, contagious, and can appear on various parts of the body, including the hands, feet, face, and genitals. Treatment options vary depending on the type and location of the wart and may include topical medications, cryotherapy, or surgical removal.

Liver spots, also known as age spots or solar lentigines, are flat, brown, grey, or black spots on the skin that usually appear in areas exposed to the sun. They are a common condition associated with ageing and exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Liver spots are not related to liver function, despite their name, and are more common in adults over 50.

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes inflammation and scaly patches on the skin. It involves the immune system, genetics, and environmental factors, and can be painful and affect quality of life. There are several types of psoriasis, each with distinct symptoms and characteristics.

Scabies is a common and highly contagious skin infestation that affects millions of people worldwide. It is caused by a microscopic mite known as Sarcoptes scabiei var. Hominis, which burrows into the skin, leading to intense itching and a characteristic rash. Scabies disease spreads primarily through prolonged skin-to-skin contact with an infected person, but it can also be transmitted by sharing contaminated items such as clothing, towels, or bedding. While often mistakenly linked to poor hygiene, scabies disease can affect anyone, regardless of age, social background, or cleanliness. In this article, we’ll delve into the key aspects of scabies disease, including its causes, symptoms, types, and available treatments, to help you recognise and address this widespread condition effectively.

Vitiligo is an autoimmune disorder that causes the skin to lose pigment, resulting in white patches. While vitiligo is primarily cosmetic, it can have psychological impacts, such as low self-esteem and depression, owing to concerns about appearance. Recognising the symptoms and seeking appropriate vitiligo treatment can help manage the condition effectively.

Corns are thickened, painful areas of skin that develop due to repeated friction or pressure, commonly affecting the feet and toes. They can be classified into hard corns, soft corns, and seed corns, each with distinct characteristics and locations. Proper footwear and preventive measures can help alleviate the discomfort associated with corns.

Most burns occur when you come into contact with something too hot. It also occur when chemicals, electricity, or radiation damage the skin and underlying tissues. The severity depends on how deep the burn is and how much of the body it affects. Burns are common injuries, often accidental. Recognizing and treating burns properly is essential, and knowing when to seek professional medical care can be life-saving.