Water Apple: Uses, Health Benefits, and Possible Side Effects

Water apples, also known as rose apples or bell fruit (Syzygium aqueum), are delightful fruits native to Southeast Asia. They have been cherished for centuries, featuring a rich history in traditional medicine and cuisine [4]. Water apples offer numerous health benefits, owing to their high water content and dense nutrient profile.

Health Benefits of Water Apple

Water apples are packed with essential nutrients like Vitamin C, Vitamin A, and Vitamin E, as well as minerals such as potassium and calcium [1], [5]. They also contain natural antioxidants, including phenolic compounds and flavonoids, which may contribute to overall well-being [2], [3].

1) Relieving Constipation

The high dietary fibre content in water apples may help relieve constipation and support regular bowel movements [1]. This fibre adds bulk to the stool, which assists the digestive system and promotes healthy digestion, making water apples an effective natural remedy for managing occasional constipation.

2) Supports Heart Health

Water apples are considered heart-friendly due to their low calorie and fat content. The fibre present in these fruits may help regulate cholesterol levels, potentially reducing the risk of heart disease [2]. Furthermore, the potassium found in water apples may support healthy blood pressure levels, while the antioxidants may help reduce oxidative stress in the cardiovascular system [3].

3) Managing Diabetes

The high fibre and low glycaemic value of water apples make them beneficial for people with diabetes. They can help slow down the process of breaking down food sugars, which may prevent sudden spikes in blood sugar levels [2]. In traditional medicine, Syzygium aqueum has been noted for its antihyperglycaemic properties, suggesting it may help reduce blood sugar levels [3], [4]. This makes the water apple a suitable fruit for inclusion in diabetic diets, under professional guidance.

4) Help in Preventing Sunstroke

During peak summer, water apples can be a valuable aid in managing heat-related issues due to their high water content (over 90%) [1], [4]. Consuming the fruit helps keep the body hydrated and provides a natural cooling effect. The adequate water supply and electrolyte restoration provided by water apples help manage dehydration and related issues associated with sunstroke.

5) Other Potential Benefits of Water Apple

Water apples offer a range of other health benefits, often linked to their traditional uses and rich phytochemical profile [3], [4]:

• Immune Function: The fruit supports immune function by providing Vitamin C and antioxidants that protect cells from oxidative damage [2], [5].
• Skin Health: The Vitamin C and polyphenol content may improve skin health by protecting it from external pollutants and supporting a youthful glow.
• Weight Management: Their high water and fibre content promotes satiety, which can help curb hunger and aid in weight management.
• Anti-Inflammatory Properties: Research suggests that the fruit possesses anti-inflammatory properties, which may be beneficial for managing inflammation-related disorders [2], [5].

How to Use Water Apple?

Water apples are incredibly versatile and can be enjoyed in a variety of ways:

• Raw Snack: Relish them fresh, raw, and crunchy as a juicy, thirst-quenching snack straight from the tree after washing them properly.
• Salads: Add slices to fruit salads or rojak, a popular Southeast Asian fruit salad.
• Beverages: Blend them with other fruits like pineapple or lemon to create delicious juices and smoothies.
• Preserves: Water apples can be pickled or made into jams and jellies for a sweet and tangy treat.

Side Effects of Water Apple

Although water apples are generally safe for consumption, it is important to be aware of potential issues.

• Digestive Issues: Due to their high fibre and water content, overeating can lead to digestive discomfort such as bloating, abdominal pain, or diarrhoea.
• Allergic Reactions: Individuals with an apple allergy may also react to water apples (cross-reactivity); discontinue use if any allergic symptoms are noticed.
• Pesticide Residue: As with many conventionally grown fruits, there is concern regarding pesticide residue. Choosing organic water apples is advisable to minimise potential issues like headaches and nausea related to pesticide consumption.
• Toxicity: Avoid consuming the leaves, seeds, and roots of the water apple, as they contain toxic components like prussic acid (cyanide) [4].

Precautions to Take With Water Apple

While water apples offer numerous health benefits, it is essential to exercise caution when consuming them:

• Allergy Risk: If you have an apple allergy, you may also be allergic to water apples. Watch out for any allergic symptoms (hives, swelling, difficulty breathing) and stop eating them immediately if adverse reactions occur.
• Pesticide Minimisation: Choose organic water apples whenever possible to minimise exposure to pesticide residues.
• Moderation: Start with small portions to assess your tolerance. Eating too many water apples may lead to digestive problems such as bloating or diarrhoea.
• Avoid Toxic Parts: Do not consume the leaves, seeds, or roots of the plant.
• Medication Interactions: If you are taking any medications, especially those for diabetes or blood pressure, consult your doctor before significantly increasing your intake of water apples to prevent potential interactions with their blood-sugar- or pressure-lowering effects.

Conclusion

Water apples are delightful and nutritious fruits that can be a valuable addition to a healthy diet. Packed with water, fibre, and antioxidants, they support hydration, digestion, and immune function. Moreover, water apples have been linked to improved heart health, better blood sugar control, and enhanced skin appearance [2], [3]. However, it is crucial to be mindful of potential side effects and take necessary precautions, particularly regarding portion size and toxic plant parts. By incorporating water apples into your diet in a balanced manner, you can safely reap the many benefits of this remarkable fruit.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What is a water apple good for?

Water apples may be beneficial for hydration, supporting immunity, aiding digestion, and managing weight. Due to its high water content, vitamins, and antioxidants, it may also contribute to heart health and help regulate blood sugar levels [2], [3].

What is the difference between an apple and a water apple?

Apples (Malus domestica) and water apples (Syzygium aqueum) are different species. Water apples have significantly higher water content, thinner skin, and a milder, sweeter, slightly acidic taste.

Which fruit is called a water apple?

The fruit called water apple is scientifically known as Syzygium aqueum. It is also commonly referred to as rose apple, java apple, or bell fruit [3], [4].

How do you eat a water apple?

Water apples can be eaten raw as a snack, used in salads, or made into jellies, juices, jams, or pickles. Unripe water apples are traditionally pickled or consumed with a pinch of salt.

What are the benefits of consuming water apple fruit?

Consuming water apple fruit provides benefits such as:

1) Hydration due to its high water content;

2) Immune system support from vitamins and antioxidants;

3) Improved digestion and weight management;

4) Potential heart health benefits; and

5) Anti-inflammatory properties [2], [5].

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified healthcare professional, such as a doctor or registered dietitian, before starting, stopping, or changing any treatment, supplement, or diet.

References

[1] Sonawane, M. S. (2018). Dietary benefits of watery rose apple (Syzygium aqueum (Burm.f.) Alston). International Archive of Applied Sciences and Technology, 9(4), 126–129. https://ycmou.ac.in/media/publication/research_paper/MSS_RP_228.pdf

[2] Yassir, M., Bakrim, W. B., Mahmoud, M. F., Drissi, B., & Sobeh, M. (2022). Watery rose apple: A comprehensive review of its traditional uses, nutritional value, phytochemistry, and therapeutic merits against inflammation‑related disorders. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2022, Article 7502185. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7502185

[3] Nair, A. S., Anusree, S., Jasmin, A., Jesny, S., & Prasobh, G. (2024). Phytochemical and pharmacological review on Syzygium aqueum (“watery rose apple”). European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 11(6), 255–261. https://doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.IJP.11(6).255-61

[4] Shabaraya, A. R., & Satish, S. (n.d.). Rose apple fruit: A pharmacological review Review of article in a journal. ResearchGate. Retrieved October 28, 2025, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353175146_ROSE_APPLE_FRUIT_A_PHARMACOLOGICAL_REVIEW

[5] Chandana, A. G., Suresha, B. S., Balasubramanian, T., & Ahalyadevi, K. H. (2024). Syzigium aqueum: A comprehensive plant review. International Journal of Pharmacognosy, 11(6), 255-261. https://ijpjournal.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/5-Vol.-11-Issue-6-June-2024-IJP-RE-420.pdf