Rifaximin
AntibioticUses of Rifaximin
Rifaximin is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections in the gut and to help prevent a serious liver-related complication called hepatic encephalopathy.
It is commonly used for:
• Traveller's diarrhoea: Treats acute watery diarrhoea caused by certain strains of E. coli bacteria, often picked up while travelling.
• Hepatic encephalopathy (prevention): Reduces the risk of recurrence of this condition, where toxins build up in the blood due to liver disease and affect brain function.
• Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (IBS-D): Used in some cases to reduce bloating and diarrhoea linked to IBS.
• Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO): May help reduce bloating, flatulence, and diarrhoea caused by excess bacteria in the small intestine.
Side effects of Rifaximin
- Feeling or being sick
- Stomach ache or bloating/swelling
- Diarrhoea
- Depressed mood
- Dizziness
- Headache
- Shortness of breath
- Accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
- Rash or itching
- Muscle cramps
- Joint pain
- Swelling of ankles, feet or fingers
How Rifaximin works
- Rifaximin works by blocking bacteria from producing the RNA they need to survive and multiply.
- It targets an enzyme called RNA polymerase inside bacterial cells, which bacteria use to read their genetic instructions and build essential proteins. Without this process, bacteria cannot grow, allowing the body to clear the infection.
- Rifaximin is poorly absorbed from the gut into the bloodstream, so it acts mainly within the intestines. This makes it effective for gut infections while limiting its effects elsewhere in the body.
Certified content
Written By
MBBS
Reviewed By
MBBS, DNB (OBGY)
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
- Rifaximin is available for use via the oral route (tablets).
Age and Dose Restrictions
- Rifaximin is meant for adults and children above 2 years of age.
Contraindications
- Rifaximin is contraindicated in patients with known allergies to rifaximin and severe liver problems.
Other Medications To Avoid With This Medicine
- Using blood thinners (such as warfarin) and immune system-affecting medications like cyclosporine is not advised in conjunction with Rifaximin. Prior to using any prescription or over-the-counter medications, it is imperative to consult with your doctor.
Overdose and Missed Dose
- There is limited information on the specific effects of Rifaximin overdose. If you accidentally take more than prescribed, contact your doctor promptly or seek medical attention. Do not take any further doses until you have received medical advice and monitor for any unusual symptoms.
- If you miss a dose of Rifaximin, take it as soon as you remember. If it is nearly time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take two doses at once to make up for the missed one. It is important to complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if your symptoms improve earlier.
Use In Driving And Operating Machinery
- Rifaximin may affect your ability to drive or operate heavy machinery. Avoid driving if you feel dizzy after taking it.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
- Rifaximin is not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
Special Dietary & Lifestyle Recommendation
- Limit dietary protein to reduce the production of ammonia in the body. Focus on consuming high-quality protein sources such as lean meats, poultry, fish, dairy products, and plant-based proteins.
- Reduce salt intake to minimise fluid retention and swelling.
- Avoid processed and packaged foods.
- Increase your fibre intake through whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes.
- Avoid alcohol, which can further damage the liver and worsen hepatic encephalopathy symptoms.
Frequently asked questions
How much time does Rifaximin take to work?
This medication starts showing its effects within a few hours after consumption.
What warnings and precautions should I take while taking Rifaximin?
Avoid usage if you experience an allergic reaction (hypersensitivity) to Rifaximin. It is advisable to seek advice from a doctor promptly.
Can I stop taking Rifaximin if I feel healthy?
Do not stop taking this medication without consulting your doctor, even if you feel healthy.
Is it safe for patients with kidney or liver issues?
Consult your doctor before taking this medication if you have kidney or liver issues to ensure its safety and proper dosage.
Will Rifaximin affect contraception?
This medication does not affect contraception.
Rifaximin in other salts
List of medicines for Rifaximin
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