Semaglutide

Dosage Forms Available

Semaglutide is available in different forms, including subcutaneous injection (pre-filled pen) and oral tablets.

Age and Dose Restrictions

Semaglutide is primarily approved for adults. Certain formulations for weight management may be used in adolescents ≥12 years in specific indications and countries.

Contraindications

Semaglutide is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to Semaglutide. It should not be used in patients with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2. It is also contraindicated in patients with a history of serious hypersensitivity reactions to GLP-1 receptor agonists.

Other Medications to Avoid

Semaglutide may interact with insulin and insulin secretagogues (e.g.,  sulfonylureas), hormone replacement therapy (e.g., levothyroxine), anticoagulants (warfarin), diuretics (e.g., furosemide), and corticosteroids (e.g., prednisolone). Before using any prescription or over-the-counter medicines, you must talk to your doctor first.

Overdose and Missed Dose

• Overdose of Semaglutide may lead to severe gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and vomiting. Supportive management is recommended in such cases.
• If you forget to take a dose, take it as soon as you remember within the same day. If it is nearly time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take an extra dose to make up for a missed one.

Management of Side Effects

• Most side effects are temporary and generally resolve as the body adjusts to treatment. However, consult your doctor if symptoms persist or worsen.
• Eating smaller, more frequent meals may help reduce nausea.
• Maintaining adequate hydration can help manage gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhoea or vomiting.

Use in Driving and Operating Machinery

Semaglutide does not usually affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, caution is advised when used with other antidiabetic medicines due to the risk of hypoglycaemia.

Use in Pregnancy and Lactation

Semaglutide is not recommended during pregnancy and breastfeeding.  

Caution in Other Conditions

• Patients with a history of pancreatitis should use Semaglutide with caution, as it may increase the risk of pancreatic inflammation.
• Patients with a history of gallbladder disease (cholelithiasis) and thyroid tumor risk should also exercise caution while taking Semaglutide.
• Patients with diabetic retinopathy should be monitored closely, as rapid improvement in blood glucose control may temporarily worsen retinopathy.
• Patients with severe gastrointestinal disease, including gastroparesis, should exercise caution due to delayed gastric emptying effects.

Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations

• Following a balanced diet and regular physical activity is essential to improve glycaemic control and support weight management.
• Avoid high-fat and large meals, as these may worsen gastrointestinal side effects.
• Maintaining a healthy body weight and adherence to prescribed therapy improve overall treatment outcomes.
• Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels is recommended to ensure effective control.