Elemental Iron
Uses of Elemental Iron
Elemental Iron is used to prevent and treat iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anaemia. The term "elemental iron" refers to the actual amount of iron available for absorption in a supplement, regardless of the salt form (such as ferrous sulphate, ferrous fumarate, or ferrous gluconate) in which it is delivered.
This supplement is commonly used for:
- Iron-deficiency anaemia: Replenishes depleted iron stores to restore haemoglobin production and relieve symptoms such as fatigue, breathlessness, weakness, and pallor.
- Prevention of iron deficiency: Used in groups at high risk of low iron levels, including pregnant women, growing children, and individuals with heavy menstrual blood loss.
- Pregnancy and lactation: Meets the significantly increased iron requirements during pregnancy to support foetal development and maintain maternal health.
- Poor dietary iron intake: Supplements iron in individuals with restrictive diets, including vegetarians and vegans, who may not obtain sufficient iron from food alone.
- Gastrointestinal malabsorption: Used to treat iron deficiency in patients with conditions such as coeliac disease or inflammatory bowel disease that impair nutrient absorption.
Side effects of Elemental Iron
Constipation
Diarrhoea
Nausea
Vomiting
Stomach pain or cramps
How Elemental Iron works
- Elemental Iron works by directly replenishing the body's iron stores, which are essential for the production of haemoglobin in red blood cells.
- When consumed, iron is absorbed primarily in the duodenum and upper small intestine. Once absorbed into the bloodstream, it is carried by a transport protein called transferrin to the bone marrow and other tissues. In the bone marrow, iron is incorporated into haemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that binds oxygen and transports it from the lungs to every cell in the body.
- Iron is also stored in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow as ferritin, serving as a reserve that the body can draw on when dietary intake is insufficient. By restoring iron stores, Elemental Iron supports the production of new, healthy red blood cells and relieves the symptoms of iron-deficiency anaemia.
Certified content
Written By
BDS, MDS
Reviewed By
BAMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Elemental Iron is available for oral use in various formulations including regular tablets, film-coated tablets, extended-release tablets, capsules, liquids, and drops.
Each formulation is designed to facilitate ease of use and accommodate different patient preferences and absorption characteristics.
Age and Dose Restrictions
Elemental Iron supplements are suitable for adults and children. Specific formulations like liquid drops are particularly suitable for younger children, while tablets or capsules may be more appropriate for older children and adults.
Contraindications
Elemental Iron is contraindicated in individuals with hemochromatosis, a condition involving excessive iron accumulation in the body.
It is also contraindicated in patients with hemosiderosis, another disorder of excess iron storage.
Other Medications to Avoid
Elemental Iron can interact with antibiotics (such as tetracyclines and quinolones), medications used for Parkinson's disease (such as levodopa), thyroid medications (like levothyroxine), and medications for bone density (such as bisphosphonates).
Additionally, interactions can occur with calcium supplements and antacids containing aluminium, magnesium, or calcium.
Overdose and Missed Dose
- Iron overdose is a medical emergency and can be life-threatening, particularly in young children. Symptoms may appear in phases: initially nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, and stomach pain; followed later by apparent recovery; and then in severe cases, serious damage to the liver, kidneys, and other organs. If an overdose is suspected, seek immediate emergency medical attention; do not wait for symptoms to worsen.
If you miss a dose of Elemental Iron, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take two doses at the same time.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
To manage stomach upset, take Elemental Iron with a small amount of food.
If constipation occurs, increase your intake of fluids and dietary fibre.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Elemental Iron does not directly affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, the symptoms of anemia such as dizziness or fatigue, if not managed properly, could impair these abilities.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Elemental Iron is commonly recommended during pregnancy to prevent iron-deficiency anaemia.
If you are breastfeeding or pregnant, it is advised to consult your doctor for appropriate dosage adjustments specific to your health needs during these periods.
Caution in Other Conditions
Patients with any pre-existing gastrointestinal conditions such as ulcers or inflammatory bowel disease should use Elemental Iron cautiously as it can exacerbate symptoms of these conditions.
Those with a history of allergy to any iron supplements should avoid use.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Include foods rich in vitamin C like oranges and broccoli in your diet to enhance iron absorption.
Avoid consuming tea or coffee along with Elemental Iron supplementation as they contain tannins that inhibit iron absorption.
For individuals at risk of iron-deficiency anemia due to dietary choices such as vegetarians or vegans, incorporating sources of iron like lentils, beans, and fortified cereals into daily meals is recommended.
Regular check-ups to monitor iron levels can help adjust dietary intake and supplementation need accordingly.
Frequently asked questions
Are there any natural alternatives to Elemental Iron?
While the primary source of iron intake should be your diet, in situations of iron deficiency or increased needs, supplements like Elemental Iron can help manage the condition. However, some rich dietary sources of iron include red meat, poultry, seafood, leafy green vegetables like spinach, iron-fortified cereals and breads, peas, and dried fruits. It is recommended to consult your doctor before making major changes to your diet.
Does Elemental Iron cause mood changes?
Typically, Elemental Iron does not directly affect your mood. However, symptoms of iron-deficiency anaemia, such as fatigue and weakness, can affect your overall well-being and mood. As Elemental Iron helps manage these symptoms, it could indirectly improve your mood by alleviating these symptoms.
How is Elemental Iron absorbed in the body?
Elemental Iron is taken orally and is absorbed in the small intestine. It is then transported to the bone marrow where it is incorporated into the haemoglobin of developing red blood cells.
Is there a vegetarian or vegan version of Elemental Iron?
Elemental Iron is an essential mineral and does not contain any animal-derived ingredients, making it suitable for vegetarians and vegans.
Can I develop an allergy to Elemental Iron?
While rare, allergic reactions to Elemental Iron can occur in some individuals. Symptoms may include a rash, itching, swelling or difficulty breathing. If you notice any signs of an allergic reaction after taking this medication, seek immediate medical attention.
How long should I take Elemental Iron for?
The length of treatment with Elemental Iron varies depending on individual needs and the severity of the iron deficiency. This should be determined by your doctor who will consider your specific circumstances.
Can I drink tea or coffee while taking Elemental Iron?
Tea and coffee contain tannins which can inhibit iron absorption when consumed along with iron supplements. It is recommended to avoid these beverages around the time of iron supplementation for optimal absorption.
Elemental Iron in other salts
List of medicines for Elemental Iron
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