Atazanavir + Ritonavir

Dosage forms available

• Atazanavir + Ritonavir is available in capsule form and oral powder packets.

Age and dose restrictions

• This combination is meant for adults and paediatric patients aged 6 years and older, weighing at least 15 kg.

Contraindications

• This combination is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to any of its components.

• It is also contraindicated for use alongside medications highly dependent on CYP3A for clearance.

Other medications to avoid

• This combination may interact with alpha-blockers (such as tamsulosin), medications for erectile dysfunction (such as sildenafil, except when used for pulmonary arterial hypertension), sedatives (like midazolam administered orally), and other protease inhibitors (such as saquinavir).

Overdose and missed dose

• Taking more than the prescribed dose may worsen side effects such as yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice) or severe skin reactions. If you suspect an overdose, seek medical attention immediately.

• If you miss a dose of Atazanavir + Ritonavir, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take a double dose to make up for the missed one.

Management of side effects

Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this combination. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.

• For nausea or stomach discomfort, consider taking it with food or adjust the timing of the dose after consulting with your doctor.

• Drinking plenty of water can help alleviate some side effects, such as headaches or dry mouth.

Use in driving and operating machinery

• Atazanavir + Ritonavir may cause dizziness or fatigue. It is advised to avoid driving or operating heavy machinery if these symptoms are experienced.

Use in pregnancy and lactation

• The use of Atazanavir + Ritonavir during pregnancy should only be considered if the potential benefits outweigh the risks. It is advised to consult your doctor regarding its use.

• Breastfeeding is not recommended owing to the potential for HIV transmission and possible adverse effects on the nursing infant.

Caution in other conditions

• Patients with pre-existing liver conditions, such as hepatitis B or C, should exercise caution while using this combination owing to an increased risk of severe liver damage.

• Those with kidney issues should also consult their doctor because of potential risks associated with nephrolithiasis (kidney stones).

Special dietary and lifestyle recommendations

• Ensure adequate hydration to help prevent kidney stones.

• Avoiding high-fat meals can improve digestion and manage medication-related gastrointestinal side effects.

• Engage in safe sex practices to prevent the transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections.