Amphotericin B

Dosage Forms Available

• Amphotericin B is available in several dosage forms for administration. For systemic fungal infections, it is commonly administered intravenously (IV) in different formulations: Conventional Amphotericin B, Liposomal Amphotericin B, and Amphotericin B Lipid Complex.

• Additionally, Amphotericin B is available as a topical cream or ointment for treating superficial fungal infections on the skin.

Age and Dose Restrictions

• Amphotericin B is meant for use in adults and children.

Contraindications

• Amphotericin B is contraindicated in patients with a known allergy to the medicine.

Other Medications to Avoid

• This medicine can interact with nephrotoxic medicines (eg., aminoglycoside antibiotics like gentamicin, amikacin, and streptomycin), corticosteroids and corticotropin (eg., hydrocortisone and prednisolone), and antifungal azoles (eg., fluconazole and ketoconazole).

Overdose and Missed Dose

• Overdose of Amphotericin B can lead to severe side effects including fever, chills, muscle spasms, vomiting and kidney damage. If you suspect an overdose has occurred, immediately seek medical help.

• If you miss a dose of Amphotericin B, administer it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule.

Management of Side Effects

Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless, and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.

• For nausea and vomiting, try administering the medicine after meals.

• Ensure to rest and avoid exertion if you experience fatigue.

Use in Driving and Operating Machinery

• This medicine may interact with your ability to drive or operate heavy machines. Avoid driving if you feel dizziness or fatigue after taking this medication.

Use in Pregnancy and Lactation

• It is advised that pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult their doctor before using Amphotericin B. The use of this medicine during pregnancy has not been well studied in humans.

Caution in Other Conditions

• Patients with kidney impairment should exercise caution while using this medicine.

• Caution is also advised for patients with low blood cell counts as Amphotericin B may suppress bone marrow function.

Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations

• Ensure adequate intake of fluids to prevent dehydration, which can worsen side effects like muscle spasms.

• Regular rest and sleep can help alleviate fatigue associated with Amphotericin B treatment.